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英語單詞末尾加S的讀音及變形方法
1、一般來說,s在元音或濁輔音后讀[z},在清輔音后面讀成[s],在[t]后與[t]在一起讀成[ts],在[d]后與[d]一起讀成[dz].
cups 杯子 days 日子 hands 手 hats 帽子
2、以s,sh,ch,x結尾的詞在詞尾加-es,讀[iz]
classes 班級 buses 公共汽車 boxes 盒子 watches 手表
3、以“元音字母+y”結尾的詞,加-s,讀作[z];以輔音字母+y結尾的詞,變y為i,再加-es,讀[iz].
boy-boys 男孩 army-armies 軍隊 story-stories 故事 factory-factories 工廠 baby-babies 寶貝
4、以o結尾的詞,多數加-s,讀[z].
kilo-kilos 公里 photo-photos 照片 tobacco-tobaccos 煙草 piano-pianos 鋼琴
以元音字母+o結尾的詞一律加-s,讀[z].
zoo-zoos 動物園 radio-radios 收音機
少數以o結尾的詞,在詞尾加-es,讀[z].
tomato-tomatoes 西紅柿 hero-heroes 英雄 Negro-Negroes 黑人 potato-potatoes 土豆
5、以f或fe結尾的詞,多數把f,fe變為v,再加-es,讀[s].
leaf-leaves 樹葉 thief-thieves 小偷 wife-wives 妻子 knife-knives 小刀 shelf-shelves 架子
6、不規則名詞的復數形式.
(1)、通過變化單詞內部元音字母,構成復雜形式.
man-men 男子 woman-women 女人 foot-feet 腳 goose-geese 鵝 tooth-teeth 牙齒 mouse-mice 老鼠 child-children 小孩
(2)、單數形式與復數形式相同
sheep-sheep 綿羊 deer-deer 鹿 Chinese-Chinese 中國人 Japanese-Japanese 日本人
規則的名詞復數形式一般是在單詞后加-s 或-es.其音法方法為:
情況 讀法 例詞
在/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/等清輔音后 /s/
Cups,hats,cakes,roofs
在/s/ /z/ /M/ /CM/ /DN/等音后 /iz/
glasses,gaces,roses,brushes,matches,bridges
在其它情況下 :/z/
Beds,days,cities,knives
以th收尾的詞原讀/θ/的,加詞尾s后,多讀/z/,例如:
mouth /P>7I/-mouths/P>7Iz/path /pa:θz/- paths /pa:Iz/
但也有不這樣變的,如:
month /mΛnθ/ - months /mΛnθs/,length/lengθ/ - lengths/lengθs/,
另有些詞可變可不變,如:
youth/ju:θ/ - youths/ju:θs/或/ju:θz/,truth/tru:θ/ - truths/tru:θs/或/tru:θz/.
動詞的第三人稱單數和名詞所有格發音規則
動詞的第三人稱單數和名詞所有格與名詞的復數發音規則基本是一致的.
黑色的英文單詞為black 英 [bl?k] 美 [bl?k]
adj. 黑色的;黑人的;邪惡的
n. 黑色;黑人;黑顏料
vt. 使變黑;把鞋油等涂在…上;把(眼眶)打成青腫
vi. 變黑
n. (Black)人名;(英、西)布萊克;(德、葡、捷)布拉克
black [bl?k]
n.
1.
the quality or state of the achromatic color of least lightness (bearing the least resemblance to white)
同義詞: blackness / inkiness
2.
total absence of light
in the black of night
同義詞: total darkness / lightlessness / blackness / pitch blackness
3.
British chemist who identified carbon dioxide and who formulated the concepts of specific heat and latent heat (1728-1799)
同義詞: Joseph Black
4.
popular child actress of the 1930's (born in 1928)
同義詞: Shirley Temple Black / Shirley Temple
5.
a person with dark skin who comes from Africa (or whose ancestors came from Africa)
同義詞: Black person / blackamoor / Negro / Negroid
6.
(board games) the darker pieces
7.
black clothing (worn as a sign of mourning)
the widow wore black
v.
make or become black
The smoke blackened the ceiling ; The ceiling blackened
同義詞: blacken / melanize / melanise / nigrify
adj.
1.
being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light
black leather jackets ; as black as coal ; rich black soil
2.
of or belonging to a racial group having dark skin especially of sub-Saharan African origin
a great people--a black people--...injected new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization
3.
marked by anger or resentment or hostility
black looks ; black words
4.
stemming from evil characteristics or forces; wicked or dishonorable
black deeds ; a black lie ; his black heart has concocted yet another black deed
同義詞: dark / sinister
5.
offering little or no hope
the future looked black
同義詞: bleak / dim
6.
(of events) having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin
同義詞: calamitous / disastrous / fatal / fateful
7.
(of the face) made black especially as with suffused blood
a face black with fury
同義詞: blackened
8.
extremely dark
a black moonless night ; through the pitch-black woods
同義詞: pitch-black / pitch-dark
9.
harshly ironic or sinister
black humor
同義詞: grim / mordant
10.
(of intelligence operations) deliberately misleading
black propaganda
11.
distributed or sold illicitly
the black economy pays no taxes
同義詞: bootleg / black-market / contraband / smuggled
12.
(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame
Man...has written one of his blackest records as a destroyer on the oceanic islands
同義詞: disgraceful / ignominious / inglorious / opprobrious / shameful
13.
(of coffee) without cream or sugar
14.
dressed in black
a black knight ; black friars
15.
soiled with dirt or soot
with feet black from playing outdoors ; his shirt was black within an hour
同義詞: smutty
參考資料
WordNet:http://wordnet.***.edu/
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